Enzymes can make substances smaller but also bind 2 substances together.
Enzymes in the ROOT + are connecting bio-catalysts: they are proteins with a catalytic function. A catalyst is a substance that accelerates the speed of the reaction without being consumed.
Enzymes are large proteins with a certain spatial structure. (usually spherical)
In an enzyme catalyzed reaction, the enzyme binds the substrate: an enzyme-substrate complex is formed. Then the reaction takes place, the products release from the enzyme. Hydrogen bridges (water) play an important role in the enzyme-substrate connection.
Enzymes work specifically, they can only convert one or at most a few related substrates. Enzyme and substrate must fit together like a key in a lock.
Enzyme groups
You can divide enzymes into groups:
| Hydrolases | These enzymes catalyze hydrolysis reactions. Hydrolysis is a split of chemical compounds with the inclusion of water. |
| Oxidoreductases | These enzymes catalyze redox processes. (electron transfer) |
| Transfer phases | These enzymes catalyze group transfer reactions. |
| Lyases | These enzymes catalyze the carbon-carbon (C-C) (C-O) (C-N) cleavage |
| Ligasen | These enzymes catalyze the links between substrates. |
Enzymes and coenzymes only have a limited lifespan and must be replaced on time.
Adding extra enzymes to or on the crop will always result in a faster and healthier growth of each plant.
